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Interim Measures in Antitrust Investigations: An Economic Discussion
(2020-12-30)After a period of dormancy, the topic of interim measures (IMs) in antitrust investigations has been brought back into the spotlight in the context of fast moving digital markets. We analyze historical practices and criteria ... -
Anticompetitive Effects In EU Competition Law
(2020-12-19). This article examines the meaning and scope of the notion of anticompetitive effects in EU competition law. It does so by bringing together several strands of the case law (and this across all provisions, namely Articles ... -
The Indirect Purchaser Rule and Private Enforcement of Antitrust Law: A Reassessment
(2021-02-25)Despite broad statutory language authorizing “any person” injured by an antitrust law violation to sue for damages, the Supreme Court of the United States has construed that language to bar antitrust damages claims by ... -
The Antitrust Market does not Exist: Pursuit of Objectivity in a Purposive Process
(2021-03-17)structure available evidence and enable a comprehensive answer to a particular question. They do not exist as such in the real world but are figments of our intellectual imagination. In that capacity, they can be immensely ... -
The Antitrust Case against the Apple App Store
(2021-04-05)The Apple App Store is the only channel through which app developers may distribute their apps on iOS. First launched in 2008, the App Store has evolved into a highly profitable marketplace, with overall consumer spend ... -
Incentivizing Private Antitrust Enforcement to Promote Leniency Applications
(2020-07-21)Both leniency programs and private antitrust enforcement are essential in combating cartels. The literature demonstrates that society benefits from both increased private actions and leniency applications. However, the ... -
Competitive Harm Crossing Borders: Regulatory Gaps and a Way Forward
(2021-01-14)This article analyses the current regulatory framework governing transnational restrictive business practices. It identifies key gaps that provide room for anticompetitive practices to flourish, causing cross-border transfer ... -
Towards a more Competitive Mobile Payment Industry: Standardization and Beyond
(2020-12-26)Mobile payments are becoming increasingly popular around the world. In countries like China, they appear in the form of barcode payments and are poised to replace cash and bank card payments for day-to-day consumer purchases. ... -
The Simple Economics of Wholesale Price-Parity Agreements: The Case of The Airline Tickets Distribution Industry
(2020-11-30)This paper clarifies the differences between retail and wholesale price-parity agreements in vertical industries. In contrast to traditional wide and narrow retail price-parity arrangements, the competitive effects of ... -
Protecting and Fostering Online Platform Competition: The Role of Antitrust Law
(2021-01-15)This essay provides a perspective on the role of antitrust law in protecting and fostering competition in the digital economy, with particular attention to online platforms. It highlights the danger of anticompetitive ... -
Personal Data Portability in the Platform Economy: Economic Implications and Policy Recommendations
(2020-11-25)Article 20 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) gave consumers in the European Union the right to port their personal data between digital service providers. We critically assess the economic implications of ... -
The Ban of Off-Net/On-Net Price Discrimination In Chile
(2020-10-05)Chilean antitrust authorities banned termination-based price discrimination in mobile calls in 2012. This paper discusses the antitrust process that led to this prohibition and analyzes its merits. We characterize the ... -
Pre-empting the Entry of Near Perfect Substitutes
(2020-09-19)When firms compete on price and quality-enhancing promotion in a market for differentiated products, entry of a nearly perfect substitute to one of such products, for example, a generic version of a pharmaceutical drug, ... -
Openness and Integrity in Antitrust
(2020-07-16)Reasonable disagreements are pervasive in antitrust, yet the leading antitrust systems function in a broadly effective and consistent manner. How can we explain this paradox? The tentative reply to this question is that ... -
Merger Policy In Digital Markets: An Ex Post Assessment
(2020-07-21)This paper presents a broad retrospective evaluation of mergers and merger decisions in markets dominated by multisided digital platforms. First, we document almost 300 acquisitions carried out by three major tech companies— ... -
Lessons for Future Excessive Pricing Cases from Economics and The Court Of Appeal Judgment In Pfizer/Flynn
(2020-11-02)I consider the lessons that can be drawn from economics and the recent Court of Appeal (CoA) judgment in Pfizer/Flynn for future excessive pricing cases under TFEU Article 102. In future, defendants will ask their economic ... -
The Evolution of Merger Enforcement Intensity: What Do The Data Show?
(2021-02-01)A growing narrative has arisen that antitrust regulators have systematically relaxed enforcement over time. This narrative has led to calls for reinvigorated enforcement and the passage of new tougher antitrust legislation. ... -
A Financial Capitalism Perspective On Start-Up Acquisitions: Introducing The Economic Goodwill Test
(2020)This paper discusses the acquisition of start-ups by major technology firms. Such transactions pose a significant anticompetitive threat, yet often escape competition scrutiny because they fail to trigger merger notification ...
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